An EMG, or electromyography, is a safe and common test that checks how well your nerves and muscles are working. It is usually done in two parts:
- Nerve conduction study: Small electrical pulses are applied to the skin over specific nerves to measure how fast and how well your nerves send signals. You may feel a brief tingling or tapping sensation, but it is not harmful.
- Needle EMG: A very thin needle is gently inserted into certain muscles to listen to their electrical activity. This helps your doctor determine if the muscle itself or the nerve controlling it is the source of your symptoms.
The entire test usually takes about 30 to 60 minutes.
Why might my doctor order an EMG?
Your doctor may recommend an EMG if you are experiencing:
- Numbness, tingling, or a “pins and needles” feeling in your hands, feet, arms, or legs
- Muscle weakness, cramping, or twitching
- Pain that travels down your arm or leg
- Symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome
- Neck or back pain with nerve-related symptoms
- Difficulty gripping, walking, or performing daily tasks due to weakness
What conditions can an EMG help diagnose?
An EMG can help identify problems such as:
- Pinched nerves in the spine (radiculopathy) or at other sites
- Carpal tunnel syndrome and other nerve compression injuries
- Peripheral neuropathy (nerve damage, often related to diabetes)
- Muscle diseases such as muscular dystrophy or inflammatory muscle conditions
How should I prepare?
- Avoid applying lotions, creams, or oils to your skin on the day of the test.
- Wear loose, comfortable clothing.
- Let your doctor know about any blood thinners you take or if you have a pacemaker.
- No fasting is required, and you can take your regular medications as usual.
Is it safe?
Yes. An EMG is a low-risk procedure. You may have mild soreness or a small bruise at the needle sites, but this typically goes away within a day or two. There are no lasting side effects.
If you have any questions about your upcoming EMG, please don’t hesitate to ask our office.